{"id":3541,"date":"2022-05-02T18:03:40","date_gmt":"2022-05-02T18:03:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.letraslaetas.com\/marcadores-discursivos-tus-aliados-para-redactar-bien-un-documento\/"},"modified":"2025-03-25T05:22:38","modified_gmt":"2025-03-25T05:22:38","slug":"discourse-markers-in-spanish","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/letraslaetas.com\/en\/discourse-markers-in-spanish\/","title":{"rendered":"Discourse markers in Spanish: your allies when writing"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]In our everyday language we use sentences that have different types of relationships between them. We use the word &#8216;but&#8217;, to express an opposition; &#8216;for&#8217;, to express a purpose; &#8216;therefore&#8217;, to express a consequence&#8230; this peculiar group of words is known as\u00a0<strong>discourse markers.<\/strong>. In this post we will address the following topics:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#what-are-they\">What are discourse markers?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#clasification\">Classification of discourse markers<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#information-structurers\">Information structurers<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#conectors\">Connectors<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#reformulators\">Reformulators<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#argumentative-operators\">Argumentative operators<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#conversational\">Conversational markers<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#using-them\">Using discourse markers to organize information<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#types-relationships\">Types of relationships in a discourse<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#mononuclear\">Mononuclear relations<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#multinuclear\">Multinuclear relations<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a name=\"what-are-they\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>What are discourse markers?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Discourse markers<\/strong> are a group of words made up of conjunctions, adverbs, prepositions and other elements that help us join sentences and give them meaning. They can be defined as:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Invariable linguistic units, they do not exercise a syntactic function in the framework of sentence predication \u2014they are, therefore, marginal elements\u2014 and they have a coincident role in discourse, that of guiding, according to their different morphosyntactic, semantic and pragmatic properties, the inferences made in communication. (Mart\u00edn Zorraquino and Portol\u00e9s L\u00e1zaro, 1999, \u00a763.1.2).<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Discursive markers or connectors do not form a syntactic class of words, but they do form a linguistic group with certain characteristics. This group is made up of sentence verbs, conjunctions and adverbs whose function is &#8220;to inform about the way in which the propositional content of the sentence should be interpreted&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>Due to the fact that in natural language they serve as a guide to infer the intention or perception that a speaker has when connecting two statements, they are the greatest clue that a text has to determine the type of relationship that some sentences establish with others with others.<\/p>\n<p>Knowing these\u00a0markers help us to\u00a0write properly,\u00a0to argue well, to give meaning and intention to our speech and therefore, help our interlocutors understand what we want to communicate.<br \/>\n<a name=\"clasification\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Classification of discourse markers<\/h2>\n<p>The most accepted classification of discourse markers for Spanish is the one proposed in the<em>\u00a0Gram\u00e1tica descriptiva de la lengua espa\u00f1ola<\/em>\u00a0in the chapter by Mart\u00edn Zorraquino and Portol\u00e9s L\u00e1zaro (1999):<br \/>\n<a name=\"information-structurers\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2981\" src=\"https:\/\/www.letraslaetas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/marcadores-discursivos-1.jpg\" alt=\"mapa conceptual marcadores discursivos\" width=\"1921\" height=\"1921\" srcset=\"https:\/\/letraslaetas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/marcadores-discursivos-1.jpg 1921w, https:\/\/letraslaetas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/marcadores-discursivos-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/letraslaetas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/marcadores-discursivos-1-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/letraslaetas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/marcadores-discursivos-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/letraslaetas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/marcadores-discursivos-1-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/letraslaetas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/marcadores-discursivos-1-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/letraslaetas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/marcadores-discursivos-1-400x400.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1921px) 100vw, 1921px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>Information structurers<\/h3>\n<p>They indicate the informative organization of the speeches. Several subgroups are distinguished in this group:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Commentators.\u00a0<\/strong>They introduce a new comment: pues, bien.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ordenators.\u00a0<\/strong>They group various members of speech together as parts of a single comment: en primer lugar, por \u00faltimo.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Digressors.<\/strong> They introduce a lateral comment in relation to the main topic of the speech: por cierto.<br \/>\n<a name=\"conectors\"><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Connectors<\/h3>\n<p>They link one member of the discourse with a previous one, or with a contextual assumption. Three types are distinguished:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Additives.<\/strong> They add information: incluso, adem\u00e1s.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Consecutive or illative.<\/strong>\u00a0They show a logical cause or consequence: pues, entonces.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Counter argumentatives.<\/strong>\u00a0They keep an adversative relation: en cambio, ahora bien.<br \/>\n<a name=\"reformulators\"><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Reformulators<\/h3>\n<p>They present the member of the discourse in which they find themselves as a new formulation of what is meant by a previous member. It distinguishes between:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Explanatory.<\/strong> Es decir, o sea.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Of rectification.\u00a0<\/strong>Mejor dicho, m\u00e1s bien.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Of distancing.<\/strong> En cualquier caso, de todos modos.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Recapitulatives.<\/strong> En suma, en conclusi\u00f3n.<br \/>\n<a name=\"argumentative-operators\"><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Argumentative operators<\/h3>\n<p>They condition in some way the discursive possibilities of the segment in which they are included, but without relating it to another previous element. It is differentiated between:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong> Argumentative reinforcement operators.<\/strong> En realidad, de hecho.<\/li>\n<li><strong> Concretion operators.<\/strong> Por ejemplo, en particular.<br \/>\n<a name=\"conversational\"><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Conversational markers<\/h3>\n<p>They are the ones that appear frequently in the conversation. In this group are distinguished:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Of epistemic modality.<\/strong> Claro, desde luego, por lo visto.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Of deontic modality.<\/strong> Bueno, bien, vale.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Focussers of alterity.<\/strong> Hombre, oye.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Conversational metadiscursives<\/strong>. Bueno, eh, este.<br \/>\n<a name=\"using-them\"><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Using discourse markers to organize information<\/h2>\n<p>Whether we are writing a thesis, a corporate document, a magazine article, or a blog post, using these\u00a0<strong>transition words<\/strong> can help us organize information. Using them well makes it easy for readers to understand what you mean. Below we present a discursive scheme that contains various examples of the use of these markers.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2920\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2920\" style=\"width: 944px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2920 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.letraslaetas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/marcadores-discursivos-ejemplo-e1651514731962.png\" alt=\"ejemplo de uso de marcadores discursivos\" width=\"954\" height=\"348\" srcset=\"https:\/\/letraslaetas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/marcadores-discursivos-ejemplo-e1651514731962.png 954w, https:\/\/letraslaetas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/marcadores-discursivos-ejemplo-e1651514731962-300x109.png 300w, https:\/\/letraslaetas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/marcadores-discursivos-ejemplo-e1651514731962-768x280.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 954px) 100vw, 954px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2920\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Example of the use of discourse markers<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>As we could see in the previous example, there are different types of relationships between the parts of a speech. Use markers helps us structure the information:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Titles and subtitles are a preparation for the topic to be discussed.<\/li>\n<li>Union relations can be expressed with markers of the additive type, such as the conjunction &#8220;and&#8221;.<\/li>\n<li>Causal relations can justly be expressed by causal markers, such as &#8220;for&#8221;.<\/li>\n<li>Some authors call elaborations to the development of arguments and ideas from something that has been previously said.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a name=\"types-relationships\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Types of relationships in a discourse<\/h2>\n<p>Bill Mann and Sandra Thompson, a couple very scholars of discourse and <a href=\"http:\/\/grupos.iingen.unam.mx\/iling\/es-mx\/Paginas\/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">computational linguistics<\/a>, create the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rhetorical_structure_theory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Rhetorical Structure Theory<\/em><\/a>. This theory holds that all discourse can be divided into minimal units (<em>Elementary Discourse Units<\/em>), and that these EDU&#8217;s have two types of relationships with each other:<\/p>\n<p><strong>a) Mononuclear relations<\/strong>, with a single nucleus, for example: &#8220;I went to the party since it was essential&#8221;. The nucleus would be &#8220;I went to the party&#8221;; &#8220;Since it was indispensable&#8221; would be a satellite or information tangential to said nucleus.<\/p>\n<p><strong>b) Multinuclear relations,<\/strong> with more than one nucleus, for example, &#8220;I ate, I drank and I danced&#8221;. Each of the verbs would constitute relevant information, that is, each one is a nucleus.<\/p>\n<p>These relations in many cases, are preceded by the\u00a0<strong>discourse markers<\/strong>.<br \/>\n<a name=\"mononuclear\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Mononuclear relations<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Alternative:<\/strong> It is a disjunction to what is presented in the core. For example:[Consideramos que el programa ten\u00eda cobertura total si inclu\u00eda a todos los municipios]<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub> [si no, la cobertura del programa era considerada parcial]<sub>ALTERNATIVE_SATELLITE<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Antithesis:<\/strong> The satellite presents an adverse idea to its nucleus. For example:[La relaci\u00f3n entre las lesiones deportivas y psicol\u00f3gicas ha sido estudiada desde diversas perspectivas]<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub> [pero los hallazgos han sido contradictorios debido a problemas metodol\u00f3gicos]<sub>ANTITHESIS_SATELLITE<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Cause:<\/strong> It is the reason, foundation or origin of something that is mentioned in the nucleus. For example: [La psiconeuroinmunolog\u00eda es un nuevo campo de la ciencia que est\u00e1 emergiendo]<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub>\u00a0[debido a un n\u00famero cada vez mayor de datos que demuestran interrelaciones entre funciones inmunes y psiconeuronales]<sub>CAUSE_SATELLITE<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Circumstance:<\/strong> Presents tangential information about time, place, mode, etc. For example: [La recolecci\u00f3n de datos se realiz\u00f3]<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub> [antes de que las mujeres fueran informadas sobre su diagn\u00f3stico]<sub>CIRCUMSTANCE_SATELLITE<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Condition:<\/strong> Indicates an indispensable situation for the existence or development of a nucleus. For example: [Si despejamos la ecuaci\u00f3n]<sub>CONDITION_SATELLITE<\/sub> [obtenemos lo siguiente x=V*i=i]<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Concession:<\/strong> Presents information that seems contrary to the core but is actually complementary. For example: [En este trabajo se presenta un caso cl\u00ednico cuya queja inicial estaba relacionada con un diagn\u00f3stico de depresi\u00f3n;]<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub> [aunque el problema ten\u00eda que ver con relaciones de pareja]<sub>CONCESSION_SATELLITE<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Elaboration:<\/strong> The development of an idea or argument from something that has already been said. For example: [Los hallazgos han sido contradictorios debido a problemas metodol\u00f3gicos]<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub>\u00a0[como no contar con muestras homog\u00e9neas]<sub>ELABORATION_SATELLITE<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong> In this satellite the author or speaker offers a value judgment about something said in the core. For example: [Entonces se deb\u00eda buscar una manera de juntar los n\u00fameros reales con los imaginarios]<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub> [(hasta suena bonito)]<sub>EVALUATION_SATELLITE<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Evidence:<\/strong> This satellite offers evidence that supports the truth of what its core says. For example: [Presentaron datos cl\u00ednicos de obstrucci\u00f3n intestinal once pacientes.]<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub> [En todos ellos se observaron signos radiol\u00f3gicos de obstrucci\u00f3n]<sub>EVIDENCE_SATELLITE<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Background:<\/strong> Gives an account of a context or background that the reader must know before addressing a topic. For example:{ [(La relaci\u00f3n entre las lesiones deportivas y psicol\u00f3gicas ha sido estudiada desde diversas perspectivas,)<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub>\u00a0(pero los hallazgos han sido contradictorios debido a problemas metodol\u00f3gicos.)<sub>ADVERSATIVE_SATELLITE<\/sub>] <sub>BACKGROUND_SATELLITE<\/sub>\u00a0[El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer la influencia de las lesiones en la ansiedad, la autoconfianza, la evaluaci\u00f3n del rendimiento hecha por terceros y la concentraci\u00f3n] }<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Medium:<\/strong> It is the action or series of actions through which what is said in the nucleus is carried out. For example: [El art\u00edculo examina la relaci\u00f3n entre la personalidad tipo C o propensa al c\u00e1ncer (&#8230;) mediante sus caracter\u00edsticas de personalidad]<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub>\u00a0[A una muestra de 480 mujeres (&#8230;) que hab\u00edan asistido a remisi\u00f3n mamaria se les administr\u00f3 la escala de Racionalidad \/ Defensividad Emocional y la escala de Necesidad de Armon\u00eda]<sub>MEDIUM_SATELLITE<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Motivation:<\/strong> This satellite establishes the factors by which the author or speaker develops what is said in the core. For example: [En contraste con las numerosas propuestas terap\u00e9uticas, sorprende que la p\u00e9rdida de peso mediante una dieta alimentaria hipocal\u00f3rica aparezca en un segundo o tercer plano]<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub>\u00a0[Por este motivo, nos hemos decidido a comunicar nuestra experiencia con la dieta hipocal\u00f3rica como tratamiento \u00fanico en pacientes afectos de OSAS]<sub>MOTIVATION_SATELLITE<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Preparation:<\/strong> It is a title, subtitle or any other element that helps to order the speech, anticipating to the reader the topic that will be treated next. For example: [Introducci\u00f3n]<sub>PREPARATION_SATELLITE<\/sub> [En el \u00e1mbito de la lexicolog\u00eda es frecuente encontrar ambig\u00fcedades terminol\u00f3gicas]<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Purpose:<\/strong> This satellite shows the reason or purpose of what is said in the core. For example: [Todos estos aprendizajes servir\u00e1n en las siguientes unidades]<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub>\u00a0[para mejorar, resolver, plantear, interpretar y aplicar diferentes procedimientos (&#8230;)]<sub>PURPOSE_SATELLITE<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Reformulation:<\/strong> This type of satellite repeats the information presented in the core in other words, to make a point clear. For example: [Se incluyeron s\u00f3lo pacientes que se consideraba eran estables,]<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub>\u00a0[es decir, que no hab\u00edan precisado su medicaci\u00f3n habitual en los \u00faltimos 15 d\u00edas y cl\u00ednicamente no refer\u00edan un empeoramiento importante]<sub>REFORMULATION_SATELLITE<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Solution:<\/strong> This satellite provides a solution to a problem raised in the core. For example: [Muchos estudiantes de secundaria tienen dificultad para las matem\u00e1ticas y reprueban esta asignatura.]<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub> [La soluci\u00f3n a este problema es hacer las clases m\u00e1s interesantes.]<sub>SOLUTION_SATELLITE<\/sub><\/p>\n<h4>Contextual mononuclear relationships<\/h4>\n<p>The authors of this theory authorize the use of more or less relationships. Below we present the original list that the authors of the RST consider, but that can be replaced by others. For example, a justification can be seen as a purpose. A summary and a training can be seen as elaborations. The interpretation differs from a cause in that it is an opinion. The result differs from the cause when it is the consequence of a previously expressed process or sequence.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Training:<\/strong> Provides information or instructions on how to do something. For example: [Al paciente no solo se le ha de diagnosticar y tratar la infecci\u00f3n]<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub>\u00a0[Es necesario ofrecerle pautas para que dicha infecci\u00f3n no vuelva a aparecer]<sub>TRAINING_SATELLITE<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Interpretation:<\/strong> It is the explanation of something previously said or found, such as the analysis of results, without issuing a value judgment. For example: [La utilizaci\u00f3n de t\u00e9cnicas como el lavado g\u00e1strico aumenta el riesgo de rotura de los paquetes]<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub>\u00a0[por lo que se desaconseja su uso]<sub>INTERPRETATION_SATELLITE<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Justification:<\/strong> It is the explanation of why something is done or affirmed. For example: [Estos resultados deben tomarse con precauci\u00f3n,]<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub>\u00a0[ya que se necesitan m\u00e1s investigaciones controladas]<sub>JUSTIFICATION_SATELLITE<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Result:<\/strong> It is the consequence of an event, method or experiment. For example: [Mediante un an\u00e1lisis multivariante discriminante se apreci\u00f3 que los futbolistas lesionados graves o muy graves tuvieron mayores niveles de ansiedad, menor autoconfianza y estaban m\u00e1s afectados por la evaluaci\u00f3n de los otros, que el resto de jugadores]<sub>RESULT_SATELLITE<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Summary:<\/strong> Offers a reduction or recapitulation of what has been said previously. For example: {[Se realiz\u00f3 una radiograf\u00eda simple]<sub>LIST_NUCLEUS<\/sub> [Tambi\u00e9n se llev\u00f3 a cabo una radiograf\u00eda combinada mediante varias t\u00e9cnicas]<sub>LIST_NUCLEUS<\/sub>}<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub>\u00a0{En resumen, se han aplicado diferentes pruebas radiol\u00f3gicas}<sub>SUMMARY_SATELLITE<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Unless:<\/strong> As its name indicates, this relationship is a condition with the value of something that can only occur unless that condition is met. For example: [Los terapeutas deben admitir a cualquier paciente en el grupo]<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub> [a no ser que \u00e9ste presente signos claros de actitud violenta que puedan perjudicar el correcto desarrollo de la terapia]<sub>UNLESS_SATELLITE<\/sub><br \/>\n<a name=\"multinuclear\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Multinuclear relations<\/h3>\n<p>As indicated, multinuclear or core-core relationships are those in which information of the same level is presented, that is, they consist of two cores. The multinuclear relations of the RST are:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Conjunction:<\/strong> Classifies nuclei as elements of the same type, usually occurs between pairs of nuclei. For example: [Mendel no sab\u00eda que los genes se localizan en cromosomas]<sub>CONJUNCTION_NUCLEUS<\/sub> [ni que los genes localizados uno cerca del otro en el mismo cromosoma se transmiten juntos]<sub>CONJUNCTION_NUCLEUS<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Contrast:<\/strong> Shows the differences or oppositions between two similar categories. For example: [Los hombres adolescentes tienen miedo a las figuras autoridad, a lo relacionado con la escuela, as\u00ed como al futuro;]<sub>CONTRAST_NUCLEUS<\/sub> [mientras que las mujeres consideran que la violencia intrafamiliar, la posibilidad de un embarazo y el no concluir una carrera universitaria son situaciones que les provocan temor]<sub>CONTRAST_NUCLEUS<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Disjunction:<\/strong> Separates two elements, showing alternation or exclusion. For example: [Como no contar con muestras homog\u00e9neas]<sub>DISJUNCTION_NUCLEUS<\/sub> [o no utilizar instrumentos espec\u00edficos para cada deporte]<sub>DISJUNCTION_NUCLEUS<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>List:<\/strong> It is an enumeration that does not have a specific order. It may appear as Crafting another core. For example: {Los cursos de matem\u00e1ticas que llevaste con anterioridad te han familiarizado con la utilizaci\u00f3n de ciertas operaciones b\u00e1sicas}<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub>\u00a0{[como sumar,]<sub>LIST_NUCLEUS<\/sub>\u00a0[restar,]<sub>LIST_NUCLEUS<\/sub>\u00a0[multiplicar,]<sub>LIST_NUCLEUS<\/sub>\u00a0[dividir,]<sub>LIST_NUCLEUS<\/sub>\u00a0[extraer ra\u00edces cuadradas,]<sub>LIST_NUCLEUS<\/sub>\u00a0[y elevar n\u00fameros a una potencia dada.]<sub>LIST_NUCLEUS<\/sub><sub>}ELABORATION_SATELLITE<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Same-Unit:<\/strong> This relationship occurs when one EDU is interrupted by another, which may have an explanatory or descriptive function. For example: [Argumentando que el abordaje construccionista,]<sub>SAME-UNIT-1_NUCLEUS<\/sub> [al deconstruir la heteronormatividad y la subordinaci\u00f3n femenina como naturales,]<sub>CIRCUMSTANCE_SATELLITE<\/sub>\u00a0[se valid\u00f3 como paradigma alternativo de gran relevancia para la investigaci\u00f3n.]<sub>SAME-UNIT-2_NUCLEUS<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Sequence:<\/strong> Unlike the list, it has an order that can be chronological or some other type. For example: {[Siendo a\u00fan adolescente,]<sub>SAT\u00c9LITE_CIRCUNSTANCIA<\/sub> [public\u00f3 su primer trabajo]<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub>}<sub>SECUENCE_NUCLEUS<\/sub> {[y poco despu\u00e9s dio con la clave]<sub>NUCLEUS<\/sub> [para resolver un problema que hab\u00eda tra\u00eddo en jaque a los matem\u00e1ticos durante m\u00e1s de un siglo]<sub>SATELLITE_PURPOSE<\/sub>}<sub>SECUENCE_NUCLEUS<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>Union:<\/strong> It usually joins two EDUs that have the same subject. For example: [A esta opci\u00f3n se le llam\u00f3 n\u00fameros complejos]<sub>UNION_NUCLEUS<\/sub>\u00a0[y todos se pueden escribir de la forma a+bi]<sub>UNION_NUCLEUS<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong>In conclusion&#8230;<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Discursive markers help us to give intention and coherence to our speeches.<\/li>\n<li>Through them we express the relationships between each part of what we want to say.<\/li>\n<li>Using them properly helps us to better argue our ideas and to make the documents we create more readable.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>What do you think about the use of discourse markers in Spanish? Are they different or similar to your language? Leave your opinion in the comments.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]In our everyday language we use sentences that have different types of relationships between them. We use the word &#8216;but&#8217;, to express an opposition; &#8216;for&#8217;, to express a purpose; &#8216;therefore&#8217;, to express a consequence&#8230; this peculiar group of words is known as\u00a0discourse markers.. In this post we will address the following topics: What are discourse &#8230; <a title=\"Discourse markers in Spanish: your allies when writing\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/letraslaetas.com\/en\/discourse-markers-in-spanish\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Discourse markers in Spanish: your allies when writing\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2911,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3541","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-linguistics"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Discourse markers in Spanish | Letras Laetas<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discourse markers are a group of words that help us argue and structure our speech. 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